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Haworthia bayeri

Assessor: Sarah Schumann

Sensitive in 2010
Yes
Family
Asphodelaceae
Reason for the sensitivity status
This species is known to be sought after and wild collected for the horticultural trade to a significant extent. Several others of the genus are known to be targeted, exploited and illegally removed from the wild, causing population decline. Evidence shows that the Haworthia genus is in demand in international horticultural trade. A small population size with existing threat of exploitation makes this species vulnerable to population loss. Releasing data on this species could exacerbate threat and vulnerability.
This species is extremely rare in the wild and is known to be exploited, utilised or traded. The localities of remaining populations need to be protected to avoid any further exploitation, which is likely to drive it to extinction.
Exploitation extent
Significant - wild individuals of the species are known to be exploited, collected, traded or utilized in a targeted manner, and utilisation is widespread, affects the majority of wild populations and/or is causing rapid decline of the wild population.
Justification and references

The taxonomy of this genus is not yet fully resolved. Taxonomic boundaries are often unclear and the taxa themselves are often immensely variable. The assessment information is therefore subject to the taxon status and recognition (Molteno, S Personal communication, 12 August 2022). According to the SANBI Red List Assessment, this species is Endangered as it is has experienced a 50% population decline in the past 20 years due to ongoing illegal removal of wild plants for the succulent trade as well as habitat degradation (Vlok et al. 2012). The species is known to be sought after and wild collected to a significant extent (Molteno, S Personal communication, 12 August 2022). This genus is in demand and of interest in international horticultural trade, as indicated by several online marketplace, e-commerce and auction sites. Recently several species of the Haworthia genus have been illegal harvested. Plants of this genus were among those targeted and/or confiscated during a recent criminal prosecution of illegal plant collecting. There have been several recorded confiscations of species of the Haworthia genus from illegal collection (Confiscation List (2018-2021) provided by Cape Nature and SANBI Karoo Desert Botanical Garden). 

Vlok, J.H., Kamundi, D.A. & Raimondo, D. 2012. Haworthia bayeri J.D.Venter & S.A.Hammer. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2020.1.

Population vulnerability
Population is vulnerable: size is <= 2500 mature individuals OR the number of known subpopulations is <= 5 OR range is <= 100km2 OR species at risk of localised extinctions
Justification and references

This taxon has an extent of occurrence of 1500 km², subpopulations are small and scattered and are experiencing ongoing decline (Vlok et al. 2012). It is known from 23 localities but subpopulations are small and isolated as so the population size is thought to be vulnerable (Molteno, S Personal communication, 12 August 2022).

Vlok, J.H., Kamundi, D.A. & Raimondo, D. 2012. Haworthia bayeri J.D.Venter & S.A.Hammer. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2020.1.

Targeted demographics
Mature (breeding) individuals are killed, significantly weakened or are permanently removed from the wild, OR immature individuals are targeted and this significantly impacts mature (breeding) individuals.
Justification and references

Whole plants are removed from the wild (Vlok et al. 2012).

Vlok, J.H., Kamundi, D.A. & Raimondo, D. 2012. Haworthia bayeri J.D.Venter & S.A.Hammer. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2020.1.

Regeneration potential
This species has a slow population growth rate, or the growth rate varies depending on habitat, and there is a poor chance the wild populations will recover from exploitation OR a collector might feasibly harvest the entire extant population removing the chance of subsequent recruitment.
Justification and references

Small and isolated subpopulations with existing threat of exploitation makes this taxon vulnerable to population loss. Recruitment and recovery may be poor.

Reference file
haworthia _ eBay.pdf1.73 MB
Haworthia Auction.pdf848.24 KB
Haworthia Interest .pdf1.26 MB
Haworthia bayeri Threatened Species Programme _ SANBI Red List of South African Plants.pdf860.24 KB