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Adenia wilmsii

Assessor: Sarah Schumann

Sensitive in 2010
No
Family
Passifloraceae
Reason for the sensitivity status
This species is utilized in traditional medicine. This genus is in demand and of popular interest in international horticultural trade. Plants of this genus were among those targeted and confiscated during criminal prosecutions of illegal plant collecting. Few known locations of occurrence with existing threat causing population decline makes this species vulnerable to further population loss. Recruitment and recovery from harvesting may be poor. Releasing data on this species could exacerbate threat and vulnerability.
This species is either similar to another sensitive species or belongs to a group containing sensitive species, and is extremely rare in the wild. The localities of wild populations need to be protected to avoid loss to exploitation, which, due to its rarity, could drive the species to extinction within a very short time.
Exploitation extent
Uncertain - No data exists yet showing that this species is exploited in the wild, however it has one or more relatives or look-alike species (found in South Africa or globally) that are known to be utilised. This species has a similar life form or other relevant traits to its exploited relative(s), making it highly likely that it would be exploited for the same purposes.
Justification and references

According to the SANBI Red List Assessment, this species is Endangered as it occurs at two locations with a small population and is utilized in traditional medicine (von Staden et al. 2008; Venter, 1993). This genus is increasing in demand and of popular interest in international horticultural trade, as indicated by several online marketplace, e commerce and auction sites. There have been several recorded confiscations of species of the Adenia genus from illegal collection (2019 confiscation data provided by the Environmental Enforcement Fusion Centre at the Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment). This suggests that this genus is being targeted and that this species may be at risk from collection and removal from the wild.

 

Venter, S. 1993. Notes on the genus Adenia with special reference to the Transvaal species. Aloe 30(3/4):83-89.

von Staden, L., Archer, R.H. & Krynauw, S. 2008. Adenia wilmsii Harms. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2020.1.

Population vulnerability
Population is vulnerable: size is <= 2500 mature individuals OR the number of known subpopulations is <= 5 OR range is <= 100km2 OR species at risk of localised extinctions
Justification and references

This taxon has an extent of occurrence of 95 km², is known from two locations with an estimated population size of 70 individuals (von Staden et al. 2008).

von Staden, L., Archer, R.H. & Krynauw, S. 2008. Adenia wilmsii Harms. National Assessment: Red List of South African Plants version 2020.1.

Targeted demographics
Mature (breeding) individuals are killed, significantly weakened or are permanently removed from the wild, OR immature individuals are targeted and this significantly impacts mature (breeding) individuals.
Regeneration potential
This species has a slow population growth rate, or the growth rate varies depending on habitat, and there is a poor chance the wild populations will recover from exploitation OR a collector might feasibly harvest the entire extant population removing the chance of subsequent recruitment.
Justification and references

Few known locations, a small population and vulnerability to harvesting from surrounding settlements places the persistence of this species at risk.

Reference file
Adenia wilmsii Threatened Species Programme _ SANBI Red List of South African Plants.pdf784.08 KB
adenia.pdf858.2 KB